Authoritarian describes a style of government, leadership, or personality that demands strict obedience and doesn't allow people to question or challenge authority. An authoritarian ruler makes all the important decisions alone and expects citizens to follow orders without discussion or debate.

In authoritarian countries, the government often controls many aspects of daily life: what newspapers can print, which websites people can visit, what students learn in school, and even what citizens can say in public. People may have little freedom to criticize leaders or organize opposition groups.

The word can also describe smaller-scale leadership. An authoritarian teacher might insist students follow rigid rules without explanation, refusing to hear concerns or suggestions. An authoritarian coach might demand players follow instructions without question, never asking for their input.

This contrasts sharply with democratic leadership, where people participate in decisions and can voice disagreements. In a democracy, citizens vote for leaders and can criticize them openly. Authoritarian systems concentrate power in one person or small group, while democracies spread it among many people.

The word comes from authority, but having authority doesn't make someone authoritarian. A good principal has authority but listens to students and teachers. An authoritarian principal would simply impose rules without discussion or flexibility.