A dentist is a doctor who specializes in taking care of teeth, gums, and mouths. When you visit the dentist's office, they examine your teeth for cavities (small holes caused by decay), check that your gums are healthy, and clean away built-up plaque and tartar that regular brushing misses.

Dentists perform many procedures beyond routine check-ups. They fill cavities to stop decay from spreading, pull teeth that are too damaged to save, straighten crooked teeth with braces, and teach patients how to brush and floss properly. Some dentists focus on specific areas: an orthodontist specializes in straightening teeth, while an oral surgeon performs complex procedures like removing wisdom teeth.

Dentistry has existed for thousands of years. Ancient civilizations tried drilling cavities and making false teeth, though their methods were primitive and painful. Modern dentistry, with anesthesia to prevent pain and advanced tools, developed in the last 200 years.

Regular dental visits help prevent serious problems. Taking care of your teeth now means keeping them healthy for decades to come, which is why dentists recommend check-ups twice a year.