Harshly means in a severe, rough, or unkind way. When a teacher speaks harshly to a student who's misbehaving, her voice might be sharp and cold rather than patient and understanding. When winter weather strikes harshly, it brings bitter cold and fierce storms that make life difficult.

The word describes actions or conditions that feel rough, stern, or unpleasant. A judge might sentence a criminal harshly by giving a long prison term. Sunlight might reflect harshly off snow, hurting your eyes. A critic might review a movie harshly, pointing out every flaw without mentioning anything good.

Harshly often suggests something more extreme than necessary. There's a difference between fair correction and harsh criticism. A coach who corrects your form is being helpful, but one who yells insults is treating you harshly. Sometimes conditions can be harsh without anyone choosing it: desert climates are harsh because they're extremely hot and dry, making survival challenging.

The opposite would be gently, kindly, or mildly. When you need to tell someone difficult news or offer criticism, you face a choice about whether to deliver it harshly or with consideration for their feelings.