To refer to something means to mention it or direct attention to it. When your teacher says “I'm referring to Chapter 3,” she's pointing you toward that specific chapter. When you write a research paper and refer to a source, you're mentioning where you found your information.

The word also means to send someone to another person or place for help. A doctor might refer you to a specialist who knows more about your particular problem. Your librarian might refer you to a different section when you're looking for a specific type of book.

You can refer back to something you mentioned earlier in a conversation, meaning you're bringing it up again. “As I referred to before” means “as I mentioned before.”

A reference (the noun form) can be a mention of something, or it can be a source you consult for information. When you include a list of references at the end of a report, you're showing which books or websites you used. A reference can also be a person who vouches for your character or abilities, like when you apply for a job.