Stucco is a type of plaster used to cover the outside walls of buildings, creating a hard, durable surface that protects against weather. Made from cement, sand, lime, and water, stucco gets applied wet and then hardens into a tough coating. You've probably seen stucco on houses in warmer parts of the United States: it creates those textured walls that look a bit rough and bumpy, often painted in light colors like white, tan, or terracotta.

Stucco has been used for thousands of years. Ancient Greeks and Romans covered their buildings with it, and you can still see stucco on structures that are centuries old. It became especially popular in hot, dry climates because it helps keep buildings cool and stands up well to sun and heat. In the American Southwest, many homes have stucco exteriors that reflect the region's Spanish and Mexican architectural traditions.

The word comes from Italian, where stucco meant the same kind of decorative plaster. Workers apply stucco in layers, often using tools to create different textures and patterns. Some stucco walls are smooth, while others have a rough, almost pebbly surface. Once it dries completely, stucco becomes incredibly strong and can last for decades without needing replacement.